English vocabulary by topic
Useful words and phrases grouped by everyday topics. Each list has example sentences, and the beginner lists include Turkish translations. Read more on the best way to learn vocabulary.
Vocabulary guides
30 Everyday Phrasal Verbs
Learn 30 of the most useful everyday phrasal verbs in English, grouped by topic, with meanings, example sentences and separable verb rules.
50 Common English Phrases for Beginners
Learn 50 useful English phrases for greetings, questions, polite requests and everyday conversation, with clear examples for beginners.
Airport English: Phrases for Travel
Learn the English phrases and vocabulary you need at the airport: check-in, baggage, security, boarding, passport control and lost luggage.
Body Parts Vocabulary
Learn the English names for body parts from head to toe, plus how to describe pain and symptoms at the doctor, with irregular plurals and idioms.
Business Email Phrases
Learn professional English phrases for business emails: greetings, opening lines, requests, attachments, follow-ups, apologies and sign-offs.
Common English Idioms and What They Mean
Learn the most common English idioms, what they mean, and how to use them naturally in conversation, with examples and a practice quiz.
Days, Months and Seasons in English
Learn the days of the week, months of the year and four seasons in English, with spelling, pronunciation, prepositions and how to say dates.
English for Job Interviews
Prepare for a job interview in English with common questions, model answers, useful phrases and tips for sounding confident and professional.
English Greetings: Formal and Informal
Learn formal and informal English greetings, how to reply to them, and how to say goodbye naturally in work and everyday situations.
Family Members Vocabulary
Learn English words for family members, from parents and siblings to in-laws and step-relatives, with example sentences and common mistakes.
Feelings and Emotions Vocabulary
Learn English words for feelings and emotions, from happy and sad to frustrated and relieved, plus -ed vs -ing adjectives and useful phrases.
Food and Drink Vocabulary
Learn essential English food and drink vocabulary: fruit, vegetables, meat, dairy, drinks, cooking verbs, tastes and countable versus uncountable food.
Hotel English Phrases
Learn the English phrases you need at a hotel: booking a room, checking in and out, asking for things, reporting problems and talking to reception.
How to Make Small Talk in English
Learn how to make small talk in English: safe topics, opening lines, follow-up questions, how to keep a conversation going and how to end it politely.
How to Order Food in a Restaurant in English
Learn the phrases you need to book a table, order food and drinks, ask about the menu, handle problems and pay the bill in an English-speaking restaurant.
How to Tell the Time in English
Learn how to ask and tell the time in English, including o'clock, past, to, quarter, half, a.m. and p.m., and the 24-hour clock.
Make vs Do: Collocations Explained
Learn the difference between make and do in English, the general rules, and the most common collocations like make a mistake and do homework.
Numbers in English: Counting, Ordinals and Prices
Learn to count in English, use ordinal numbers like first and twenty-third, and say prices, phone numbers, years and big numbers correctly.
Shopping English Phrases
Learn useful English phrases for shopping: asking for help, sizes and fitting rooms, prices and discounts, paying, and returning or exchanging items.
Talking About the Weather in English
Learn English weather vocabulary, from sunny and cloudy to drizzle and heatwave, plus natural phrases for talking about the weather and forecasts.
A1 word list: Greetings & Introductions
| English | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| hello⁄həˈləʊ⁄ | merhaba | Hello, I am Ali. |
| hi⁄haɪ⁄ | selam | Hi, Tom! |
| goodbye⁄ˌɡʊdˈbaɪ⁄ | hoşça kal | Goodbye, see you tomorrow. |
| bye⁄baɪ⁄ | güle güle | Bye, Anna! |
| good morning⁄ɡʊd ˈmɔːnɪŋ⁄ | günaydın | Good morning, teacher. |
| good evening⁄ɡʊd ˈiːvnɪŋ⁄ | iyi akşamlar | Good evening, Mr Brown. |
| name⁄neɪm⁄ | isim | My name is Ayşe. |
| nice to meet you | tanıştığıma memnun oldum | Hello, Tom. Nice to meet you. |
| how are you | nasılsın | Hi, Anna. How are you? |
| fine⁄faɪn⁄ | iyi | I am fine, thank you. |
| thank you⁄ˈθæŋk juː⁄ | teşekkür ederim | Thank you, Tom. |
| please⁄pliːz⁄ | lütfen | Sit down, please. |
| yes⁄jes⁄ | evet | Yes, I am Ali. |
| no⁄nəʊ⁄ | hayır | No, I am not English. |
| I⁄aɪ⁄ | ben | I am from Turkey. |
| you⁄juː⁄ | sen, siz | You are my friend. |
| he⁄hiː⁄ | o (erkek) | He is Mehmet. |
| she⁄ʃiː⁄ | o (kadın) | She is Ayşe. |
| Turkey⁄ˈtɜːki⁄ | Türkiye | I am from Turkey. |
| Turkish⁄ˈtɜːkɪʃ⁄ | Türk | She is Turkish. |
| England⁄ˈɪŋɡlənd⁄ | İngiltere | Tom is from England. |
| English⁄ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ⁄ | İngiliz | He is English. |
| from⁄frɒm⁄ | -den, -dan | Where are you from? |
A1 word list: People & Family
| English | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| family⁄ˈfæməli⁄ | aile | This is my family. |
| mother⁄ˈmʌðə⁄ | anne | My mother is a teacher. |
| father⁄ˈfɑːðə⁄ | baba | His father is tall. |
| brother⁄ˈbrʌðə⁄ | erkek kardeş | I have got a brother. |
| sister⁄ˈsɪstə⁄ | kız kardeş | Her sister is young. |
| son⁄sʌn⁄ | oğul | Their son is five. |
| daughter⁄ˈdɔːtə⁄ | kız evlat | She has got a daughter. |
| friend⁄frend⁄ | arkadaş | Tom is my friend. |
| my⁄maɪ⁄ | benim | My name is Ali. |
| your⁄jɔː⁄ | senin | Is this your sister? |
| his⁄hɪz⁄ | onun (erkek) | His name is Mehmet. |
| her⁄hɜː⁄ | onun (kadın) | Her mother is Turkish. |
| this⁄ðɪs⁄ | bu | This is my father. |
| that⁄ðæt⁄ | şu, o | That is my friend. |
| have got | sahip olmak | I have got two brothers. |
| tall⁄tɔːl⁄ | uzun boylu | My brother is tall. |
| short⁄ʃɔːt⁄ | kısa boylu | Her sister is short. |
| young⁄jʌŋ⁄ | genç | Your mother is young. |
| old⁄əʊld⁄ | yaşlı | My grandfather is old. |
| happy⁄ˈhæpi⁄ | mutlu | The family is happy. |
| hair⁄heə⁄ | saç | She has got long hair. |
| eyes⁄aɪz⁄ | gözler | He has got brown eyes. |
| long⁄lɒŋ⁄ | uzun | Her hair is long. |
| grandmother⁄ˈɡrænmʌðə⁄ | büyükanne | My grandmother is from Turkey. |
A1 word list: Food & Drink
| English | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| food⁄fuːd⁄ | yemek | I like Turkish food. |
| drink⁄drɪŋk⁄ | içecek | Would you like a drink? |
| water⁄ˈwɔːtə⁄ | su | A glass of water, please. |
| tea⁄tiː⁄ | çay | My grandmother likes tea. |
| coffee⁄ˈkɒfi⁄ | kahve | I would like a coffee. |
| milk⁄mɪlk⁄ | süt | I don't like milk. |
| juice⁄dʒuːs⁄ | meyve suyu | Orange juice, please. |
| bread⁄bred⁄ | ekmek | We have got bread and cheese. |
| cheese⁄tʃiːz⁄ | peynir | He likes white cheese. |
| egg⁄eɡ⁄ | yumurta | I want an egg. |
| apple⁄ˈæpl⁄ | elma | An apple a day. |
| banana⁄bəˈnɑːnə⁄ | muz | My son likes bananas. |
| orange⁄ˈɒrɪndʒ⁄ | portakal | I have got an orange. |
| tomato⁄təˈmɑːtəʊ⁄ | domates | Two tomatoes, please. |
| sandwich⁄ˈsænwɪtʃ⁄ | sandviç | I would like a cheese sandwich. |
| soup⁄suːp⁄ | çorba | The soup is hot. |
| chicken⁄ˈtʃɪkɪn⁄ | tavuk | She doesn't like chicken. |
| like⁄laɪk⁄ | sevmek, hoşlanmak | I like apples. |
| want⁄wɒnt⁄ | istemek | I want water. |
| would like | istemek (kibar) | I would like a tea, please. |
| hungry⁄ˈhʌŋɡri⁄ | aç | I am hungry. |
| thirsty⁄ˈθɜːsti⁄ | susamış | Are you thirsty? |
| delicious⁄dɪˈlɪʃəs⁄ | lezzetli | This soup is delicious. |
| menu⁄ˈmenjuː⁄ | menü | Can I have the menu, please? |
| bill⁄bɪl⁄ | hesap | The bill, please. |
A1 word list: Daily Routine & Time
| English | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| get up⁄ɡet ʌp⁄ | kalkmak | I get up at seven. |
| wake up⁄weɪk ʌp⁄ | uyanmak | She wakes up early. |
| breakfast⁄ˈbrekfəst⁄ | kahvaltı | I have breakfast at eight. |
| lunch⁄lʌntʃ⁄ | öğle yemeği | We have lunch at one. |
| dinner⁄ˈdɪnər⁄ | akşam yemeği | They have dinner at home. |
| work⁄wɜːrk⁄ | çalışmak | He works in a bank. |
| sleep⁄sliːp⁄ | uyumak | I sleep at eleven. |
| take a shower | duş almak | I take a shower in the morning. |
| go to work | işe gitmek | She goes to work by bus. |
| come home | eve gelmek | I come home at six. |
| watch TV | televizyon izlemek | We watch TV in the evening. |
| morning⁄ˈmɔːrnɪŋ⁄ | sabah | I run in the morning. |
| evening⁄ˈiːvnɪŋ⁄ | akşam | I read in the evening. |
| o'clock⁄əˈklɒk⁄ | saat (tam) | It's nine o'clock. |
| half past | buçuk | It's half past two. |
| Monday⁄ˈmʌndeɪ⁄ | pazartesi | I work on Monday. |
| Tuesday⁄ˈtjuːzdeɪ⁄ | salı | We swim on Tuesday. |
| Wednesday⁄ˈwenzdeɪ⁄ | çarşamba | The class is on Wednesday. |
| Friday⁄ˈfraɪdeɪ⁄ | cuma | I see my friends on Friday. |
| Saturday⁄ˈsætərdeɪ⁄ | cumartesi | I sleep late on Saturday. |
| Sunday⁄ˈsʌndeɪ⁄ | pazar | He doesn't work on Sunday. |
| always⁄ˈɔːlweɪz⁄ | her zaman | I always drink tea. |
| usually⁄ˈjuːʒuəli⁄ | genellikle | She usually walks to school. |
| never⁄ˈnevər⁄ | asla, hiç | He never eats meat. |
A1 word list: Places & Directions
| English | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| bank⁄bæŋk⁄ | banka | The bank is on Main Street. |
| hospital⁄ˈhɒspɪtl⁄ | hastane | There is a hospital near here. |
| pharmacy⁄ˈfɑːrməsi⁄ | eczane | The pharmacy is next to the bank. |
| supermarket⁄ˈsuːpərmɑːrkɪt⁄ | süpermarket | I go to the supermarket on Saturday. |
| museum⁄mjuˈziːəm⁄ | müze | The museum is opposite the park. |
| park⁄pɑːrk⁄ | park | There are two parks in my town. |
| station⁄ˈsteɪʃn⁄ | istasyon | Where is the train station? |
| post office | postane | Is there a post office near here? |
| library⁄ˈlaɪbreri⁄ | kütüphane | I study in the library. |
| hotel⁄həʊˈtel⁄ | otel | Our hotel is near the sea. |
| street⁄striːt⁄ | cadde, sokak | Take the first street on the left. |
| square⁄skweər⁄ | meydan | There is a café in the square. |
| bridge⁄brɪdʒ⁄ | köprü | Go over the bridge. |
| corner⁄ˈkɔːrnər⁄ | köşe | The shop is on the corner. |
| next to | yanında | The café is next to the bank. |
| between⁄bɪˈtwiːn⁄ | arasında | The park is between the school and the museum. |
| opposite⁄ˈɒpəzɪt⁄ | karşısında | The hotel is opposite the station. |
| near⁄nɪər⁄ | yakınında | Is there a bank near here? |
| left⁄left⁄ | sol | Turn left at the corner. |
| right⁄raɪt⁄ | sağ | The museum is on the right. |
| turn⁄tɜːrn⁄ | dönmek | Turn right here. |
| go straight | düz gitmek | Go straight for two minutes. |
| cross⁄krɒs⁄ | karşıya geçmek | Cross the street at the lights. |
Vocabulary questions
How many English words do I need to know?+
Around 1,000 well-chosen words cover a large share of everyday conversation, and a few thousand let you read most everyday texts. Start with the most frequent words and phrases in topics you actually use.
What is the fastest way to learn English vocabulary?+
Learn words in topic groups and in full phrases, hear them aloud, use them in your own sentences and review them over several days. Short daily practice beats long, rare sessions.