Opposite Adjectives in English: Word Pairs, Examples and Quiz
Big and small, early and late, polite and rude: learn adjectives in pairs and you learn two words for the price of one. Each word has pronunciation, a simple definition, a Turkish translation and a natural example.
64 words · By LearnLingo Team · Updated
Tap to hear a word. Pronunciation is American English. Levels follow the CEFR scale. Turkish translations are given as a quick check.
Size and shape
These adjectives describe how big something is. Notice that short has two opposites: tall for people, trees and buildings, and long for hair, roads, rivers and meetings.
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
big ⁄bɪɡ⁄ · adjective A1 | of a large size; the opposite of small They live in a big house near the park. | büyük |
small ⁄smɔːl⁄ · adjective A1 | not large in size or amount; the opposite of big Can I have a small coffee, please? | küçük |
tall ⁄tɔːl⁄ · adjective A1 | higher than most people or things; the opposite of short My brother is very tall, almost two meters. | uzun boylu, yüksek |
short ⁄ʃɔːrt⁄ · adjective A1 | not tall (for people), or not long (for things and time) She's short, but she plays basketball really well. | kısa |
long ⁄lɔːŋ⁄ · adjective A1 | measuring a lot from one end to the other, or lasting a lot of time; the opposite of short It was a long meeting, nearly three hours. | uzun |
wide ⁄waɪd⁄ · adjective A2 | a big distance from one side to the other; the opposite of narrow The river is very wide here, so there's a bridge. | geniş |
narrow ⁄ˈnæroʊ⁄ · adjective A2 | a small distance from one side to the other; the opposite of wide The streets in the old town are very narrow. | dar |
thick ⁄θɪk⁄ · adjective A2 | with a lot of distance between the two sides, like a big book; the opposite of thin I need a thick sweater for the winter. | kalın |
thin ⁄θɪn⁄ · adjective A1 | with very little distance between the two sides; for people, not fat Cut the bread into thin slices. | ince, zayıf |
heavy ⁄ˈhevi⁄ · adjective A1 | weighing a lot and difficult to lift; the opposite of light This suitcase is too heavy for me. | ağır |
light ⁄laɪt⁄ · adjective A1 | not weighing much; it can also mean pale in color or full of daylight Take the light bag and I'll carry the heavy one. | hafif; açık (renk) |
deep ⁄diːp⁄ · adjective A2 | going a long way down from the top; the opposite of shallow Be careful, the water is deep at this end of the pool. | derin |
shallow ⁄ˈʃæloʊ⁄ · adjective B1 | not going far down; the opposite of deep The children can play in the shallow water. | sığ |
Age, time and speed
Old has two opposites: young for people and animals, and new for things. Early and late are also adverbs: I got up early.
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
old ⁄oʊld⁄ · adjective A1 | having lived or existed for a long time My grandmother is old, but she still walks every day. | yaşlı, eski |
young ⁄jʌŋ⁄ · adjective A1 | not old; in the early part of life My parents met when they were very young. | genç |
new ⁄nuː⁄ · adjective A1 | recently made or bought; not old or used before Do you like my new phone? | yeni |
modern ⁄ˈmɑːdɚn⁄ · adjective A2 | of the present time, using new ideas; the opposite of old-fashioned or traditional The hotel has a modern design with lots of glass. | modern, çağdaş |
old-fashioned ⁄ˌoʊld ˈfæʃənd⁄ · adjective A2 | not modern; from a time in the past My dad still writes letters. He's a bit old-fashioned. | eski moda |
fast ⁄fæst⁄ · adjective A1 | moving or happening quickly; the opposite of slow The fast train takes only two hours. | hızlı |
slow ⁄sloʊ⁄ · adjective A1 | not moving or happening quickly The internet is really slow today. | yavaş |
early ⁄ˈɝːli⁄ · adjective A1 | before the usual or planned time; the opposite of late We caught an early flight to Rome. | erken |
late ⁄leɪt⁄ · adjective A1 | after the usual or planned time Sorry I'm late. The bus didn't come. | geç |
Describing things and places
Everyday adjectives for things, places and situations. Learn them as pairs and test yourself by covering one side.
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
easy ⁄ˈiːzi⁄ · adjective A1 | not hard to do or understand; the opposite of difficult The first exercise is easy. The last one is harder. | kolay |
difficult ⁄ˈdɪfɪkəlt⁄ · adjective A1 | not easy; needing a lot of effort or skill English spelling can be difficult. | zor |
cheap ⁄tʃiːp⁄ · adjective A1 | costing little money; the opposite of expensive The food at the market is good and cheap. | ucuz |
expensive ⁄ɪkˈspensɪv⁄ · adjective A1 | costing a lot of money Hotels in the city center are very expensive. | pahalı |
safe ⁄seɪf⁄ · adjective A2 | not in danger and not likely to hurt anyone; the opposite of dangerous Is it safe to walk here at night? | güvenli |
dangerous ⁄ˈdeɪndʒɚəs⁄ · adjective A2 | likely to hurt someone or cause problems It's dangerous to use your phone while driving. | tehlikeli |
clean ⁄kliːn⁄ · adjective A1 | with no dirt; the opposite of dirty Put on a clean shirt before dinner. | temiz |
dirty ⁄ˈdɝːti⁄ · adjective A1 | not clean; with dirt or marks on it Your shoes are dirty. Take them off at the door. | kirli |
full ⁄fʊl⁄ · adjective A1 | with no space left inside; the opposite of empty The bus was full, so we waited for the next one. | dolu |
empty ⁄ˈempti⁄ · adjective A2 | with nothing or nobody inside The streets are empty early on Sunday morning. | boş |
quiet ⁄ˈkwaɪət⁄ · adjective A1 | making little or no noise; the opposite of noisy or loud We stayed in a quiet village by the sea. | sessiz, sakin |
noisy ⁄ˈnɔɪzi⁄ · adjective A2 | full of loud sounds Our neighbors are very noisy at night. | gürültülü |
right ⁄raɪt⁄ · adjective A1 | correct or true; the opposite of wrong Is this the right way to the station? | doğru |
wrong ⁄rɔːŋ⁄ · adjective A1 | not correct; not true Sorry, I think you have the wrong number. | yanlış |
Senses: touch, temperature and light
Words for how things feel, look and sound. Hard has two opposites: soft (a hard bed and a soft bed) and easy (a hard test and an easy test).
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
hot ⁄hɑːt⁄ · adjective A1 | having a high temperature; the opposite of cold Be careful, the soup is very hot. | sıcak |
cold ⁄koʊld⁄ · adjective A1 | having a low temperature It's cold today. Take a coat. | soğuk |
wet ⁄wet⁄ · adjective A2 | covered in water or another liquid; the opposite of dry My hair is still wet from the shower. | ıslak |
dry ⁄draɪ⁄ · adjective A2 | with no water or liquid; also, with little or no rain Is the washing dry yet? | kuru |
hard ⁄hɑːrd⁄ · adjective A1 | firm and not easy to press; also, difficult This bed is too hard. I can't sleep. | sert; zor |
soft ⁄sɔːft⁄ · adjective A2 | easy to press and nice to touch; the opposite of hard The baby's blanket is really soft. | yumuşak |
smooth ⁄smuːð⁄ · adjective B1 | with an even surface and no rough parts; the opposite of rough The stones on this beach are round and smooth. | pürüzsüz |
rough ⁄rʌf⁄ · adjective B1 | not smooth; with an uneven surface My hands get rough when I work in the garden. | pürüzlü, kaba |
dark ⁄dɑːrk⁄ · adjective A1 | with little or no light; for colors, closer to black It gets dark at five o'clock in winter. | karanlık; koyu |
bright ⁄braɪt⁄ · adjective A2 | full of light, or with a strong color The kitchen is bright and sunny in the morning. | aydınlık, parlak |
loud ⁄laʊd⁄ · adjective A2 | making a lot of noise; the opposite of quiet The music is too loud. Can you turn it down? | yüksek sesli |
Describing people
Opposites for feelings, money, strength and behavior. For more words about character, see personality adjectives.
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
happy ⁄ˈhæpi⁄ · adjective A1 | feeling good and pleased; the opposite of sad She's happy because she passed her test. | mutlu |
sad ⁄sæd⁄ · adjective A1 | not happy; feeling bad about something I was sad when my best friend moved away. | üzgün |
rich ⁄rɪtʃ⁄ · adjective A1 | having a lot of money; the opposite of poor He became rich after he sold his company. | zengin |
poor ⁄pʊr⁄ · adjective A1 | having very little money They were poor when they were young, but they were happy. | fakir |
strong ⁄strɔːŋ⁄ · adjective A2 | having a lot of power in the body; the opposite of weak You need to be strong to carry that box. | güçlü |
weak ⁄wiːk⁄ · adjective A2 | not strong; having little power or energy I felt weak after the flu. | zayıf, güçsüz |
polite ⁄pəˈlaɪt⁄ · adjective A2 | speaking and acting in a kind, respectful way; the opposite of rude The children were very polite and said thank you. | kibar |
rude ⁄ruːd⁄ · adjective A2 | not polite; saying or doing things that upset people It's rude to look at your phone during dinner. | kaba |
busy ⁄ˈbɪzi⁄ · adjective A1 | having a lot of things to do; the opposite of free I'm busy this morning. Can we talk after lunch? | meşgul |
free ⁄friː⁄ · adjective A1 | not busy, with time to do what you want; it also means costing nothing Are you free on Saturday evening? | boş, müsait; ücretsiz |
Opposites with un-, im-, in- and dis-
Many adjectives make their opposite with a prefix. Un- is the most common. Im- often comes before p or m (impossible, impolite), and il- before l (illegal). There is no simple rule for each word, so learn the whole word. More in prefixes and suffixes.
| Word | Meaning and example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
unhappy ⁄ʌnˈhæpi⁄ · adjective A2 | not happy; sad or not satisfied He's unhappy with his new job. | mutsuz |
unfriendly ⁄ʌnˈfrendli⁄ · adjective A2 | not friendly; not kind or welcoming to people The waiter was a bit unfriendly. | soğuk, samimiyetsiz |
uncomfortable ⁄ʌnˈkʌmftɚbəl⁄ · adjective A2 | not comfortable; making you feel bad in your body or nervous These chairs are really uncomfortable. | rahatsız |
impossible ⁄ɪmˈpɑːsəbəl⁄ · adjective A2 | not able to happen or be done; the opposite of possible It's impossible to read all these books in a week. | imkânsız |
incorrect ⁄ˌɪnkəˈrekt⁄ · adjective B1 | not correct; wrong (a little more formal than wrong) Two of your answers are incorrect. | yanlış, hatalı |
dishonest ⁄dɪsˈɑːnɪst⁄ · adjective B1 | not honest; telling lies or cheating It was dishonest of him to keep the money. | sahtekâr, dürüst olmayan |
illegal ⁄ɪˈliːɡəl⁄ · adjective B1 | not allowed by law; the opposite of legal It's illegal to park here. | yasa dışı |
Useful phrases and collocations
a long way
The station is a long way from here. Take a taxi.
a short time
I only lived in Paris for a short time.
heavy rain
There was heavy rain all night.
heavy traffic
We were late because of heavy traffic.
a light meal
I usually have a light meal in the evening.
fast food
Try not to eat fast food every day.
a strong coffee
I need a strong coffee before work.
a weak signal
The phone signal is weak in the mountains.
a hard question
That's a hard question. Let me think.
an early start
We have an early start tomorrow, so let's go to bed.
free time
What do you do in your free time?
on an empty stomach
Don't take this medicine on an empty stomach.
the wrong way
Oh no, we're going the wrong way.
a deep sleep
The baby fell into a deep sleep.
How to learn these words
Learn adjectives in pairs, never alone. Write each pair on a card, like big on one side and small on the other, and test yourself by saying the opposite out loud. Review the cards again tomorrow and next week; short, spaced reviews keep the words much longer than one long session. See spaced repetition for a simple routine.
Some adjectives have more than one opposite, and the right one depends on the noun. Old is the opposite of young for people (an old man, a young man) but of new for things (an old car, a new car). Short is the opposite of tall for people and of long for things. Light is the opposite of heavy for weight and of dark for color and rooms. Hard is the opposite of soft for things you touch and of easy for tasks.
Use not very to sound polite. Saying someone is ugly, fat or stupid can be rude, so native speakers often use not very with the positive word: He's not very tall, The hotel wasn't very clean. Once you know the pairs, you can also compare things with them: bigger, smaller, the most expensive. See comparatives and superlatives.
Use the words: speaking and writing tasks
- Look around your room and describe five things with an adjective, then say the opposite: My desk is small. A big desk would be nice.
- Write five sentences comparing your town now and ten years ago, using opposite pairs: The streets were quiet. Now they are noisy.
- Describe two people you know who are very different, using at least four opposite pairs: My sister is tall and quiet, but my brother is short and loud.
- Make the opposite of these words with a prefix and say each one in a sentence: happy, possible, friendly, honest, comfortable, legal.
- Say five sentences about your day using not very instead of a negative adjective: My lunch wasn't very hot. The train wasn't very fast.
Common mistakes
My grandfather is very new.
My grandfather is very old, and my cousin is very young.
New is for things, not people. For people and animals, the opposite of old is young.
He's a long man.
He's a tall man.
Use tall for the height of people, trees and buildings. Long is for things like hair, roads, rivers and time.
This exercise is unpossible.
This exercise is impossible.
Not every opposite uses un-. Possible takes im-: impossible. Learn each prefix with its word.
The test was very hard, but the next one was very soft.
The test was very hard, but the next one was very easy.
Hard has two meanings. When it means difficult, the opposite is easy. Soft is the opposite only when hard means firm, like a hard bed.
The music is very quiet. Can you make it more high?
The music is very quiet. Can you turn it up?
For sound, English uses loud and quiet, not high and low. To change the volume, say turn it up or turn it down.
Practice quiz
10 questions. Pick an answer to see if it is right and why.
1. What is the opposite of cheap?
2. My sister isn't tall. She's quite ___.
3. Choose the correct sentence.
4. The water is not deep here. It's ___, so the children can swim safely.
5. Which word is the opposite of possible?
6. It's very ___ in the library. Nobody is talking.
7. This math problem is hard. That one is ___.
8. Which pair is NOT a pair of opposites?
9. He told lies to get the job. He was ___.
10. Choose the most polite way to say the hotel was dirty.
0 of 10 answered
Show all answers
- expensive
- short
- We bought a new car last week.
- shallow
- impossible
- quiet
- easy
- wet and cold
- dishonest
- The hotel wasn't very clean.
See what the A2 English course covers, or test your level first.
People also ask
What are opposite adjectives called?+
They are called antonyms. Big and small, hot and cold, and rich and poor are all antonyms. Words with the same meaning, like big and large, are called synonyms.
What is the opposite of old?+
It depends on the noun. For people and animals, the opposite of old is young: an old woman, a young woman. For things, it is new: an old phone, a new phone.
How do I know whether to use un-, in-, im- or dis-?+
Un- is the most common, but there is no full rule, so learn each word as a whole. Im- often comes before p, b or m (impossible, impatient), il- before l (illegal) and ir- before r (irregular). A good dictionary always shows the correct form.
Do all adjectives have an opposite?+
No. Adjectives for color, nationality or material, like red, Turkish or wooden, have no real opposite. Many describing words do, and learning them in pairs is one of the fastest ways to grow your vocabulary.
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